Describe at least four (4) infant reflexes and discuss how these might prepare the child to survive in the post-birth world. Why do most of these reflexes disappear during infancy?
What will be an ideal response?
Perhaps the most important reflexes that enhance the infant's chances for survival are:
1 . rooting = the baby turns the head and mouth toward a stimulus that strokes the check, chin, or corner of the mouth
2 . sucking = the infant will suck on almost anything that touches the lips
3 . Moro = this is a startle reflex that occurs due to sudden changes of position or loud noises
4 . grasping = the infant will grasp objects (fingers, etc.) that touch the palm of the hand
Each of these reflexes aid in survival. The infant must learn to suckle or it will die. The rooting reflex allows the infant to position the head and mouth in such a way that breast- or bottle-feeding is possible. The sucking reflex takes over once the nipple has touched the mouth. The Moro reflex is very important. The infant could be startled by loud noises, sudden movements, and other environmental circumstances that could be dangerous. Lastly, the grasping reflex helps the child to learn to grab objects, which allows for experimentation with the world, eventually feeding oneself, and even using the hands to pull oneself into a standing position. All in all, newborns are quite competent.
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a. unstructured activities? organized activities b. organized activities? unstructured activities c. discussions of personal feelings? information about their sex lives d. discussions of personal feelings? information about their sex lives
Problem solving, reasoning, and memory skills that are not greatly influenced by experience are part of:
a. fluid intelligence b. crystallized intelligence c. interpersonal intelligence d. practical intelligence
The Gestalt principle called the law of pragnanz suggests which of the following about our perceptual tendencies?
a. It is only possible to distinguish between a figure and a ground if they are of different colors. b. We are influenced mostly by the surroundings of a particular sensory stimulus. c. We tend to look past simple explanations and seek out complex forms. d. We group stimuli into the simplest possible form.
In the United States, what percentage of individuals do NOT have a sibling?
20% || 15% || 25% || 30% || || ||