Describe the main characteristics, goals, and behavior of bullies and the influence of bullying on psychological outcomes for victims.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Main characteristics, goals, and behavior of bullies: Bullies are aggressive children who believe they can attain higher social status by bullying other children.
a) They use both prosocial and aggressive strategies to achieve social dominance over other children.
b) They tend to pick on children who are rejected by other peers, not children who are accepted by other peers.
c) They tend to view many acts of bullying as morally sound, such as stealing from victims and hurling insults at them.
d) They tend to come from families in which parents and children get their way by using aggression and in which the child's aggression is tolerated by the parent.
e) They tend not to have close relationships with their parents and view parents as authoritarian, punitive, and unsupportive.
2. Outcomes for victims: Victims of bullying may have long-term psychological adjustment problems, including loneliness, anxiety, low self-esteem, and depression.
a) These outcomes are less severe if the victim has one close friend.
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A. statistical predictions. B. clinical predictions. C. actuarial predictions. D. anamnestic predictions.
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