Identify and discuss the three major types of attitude scales that have been developed in the social sciences are used in criminology and criminal justice.
What will be an ideal response?
? Thurstone scales – attitude scales that rely on ratings by judges of scale items
? Likert scales – simple summated attitude scale consisting of a fivepoint bipolar response scheme for each item ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree
? Guttman scales – insists that an attitude scale should measure one and only one dimension (unidimensionality).
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The "jigsaw fit" of known and questioned fragments is important for court presentation primarily because:
a. It is a quick way of demonstrating how the object broke. b. Courts and juries are too nonscientific to understand it any other way. c. Instrumental analysis is too complicated to explain to nontechnical juries. d. This method definitely demonstrates common origin if a match is made.
In instances of workplace violence, the relationship between the assailant and the victim is usually that of
a. former employee and former coworkers b. former employee and former supervisor c. stranger with no relationship to employees or supervisors d. any of the above
To reconstruct the identity of someone as deviant based on new views of their prior behavior is called:
a. Secondary deviance. b. Retrospective interpretation. c. Stigma deactivation. d. Deviance in remission.
The United States, specifically through the CIA, takes advantage of prisons in other nations to ____________
a. weaken the resolve of terror suspects in prisons with brutal conditions. b. temporarily hold terror suspects until they can be transported to the United States. c. illustrate how professional prisons under their control are operated. d. prevent criminals from returning to the United States.