Exposure therapy relies on which conditioning and learning principle?
A) extinction
B) sensitization
C) reward
D) punishment
Answer: A
Rationale: When conducted appropriately, exposure therapy mimics the process of extinction in classical conditioning, in which the feared event (the CS) is no longer paired with the aversive event (the US). Such extinction treatments can result in a loss of the troublesome fear response.
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Which of the following statements is supported by research regarding predictability and degree of control as it pertains to stress?
a) Research suggests that the degree of control plays no role in the experience of stress. b) The higher the degree of control, the lower the negative impact the stress may cause. c) A high degree of control helps deal with the physical effects of stress, but not the psychological effects of stress. d) A high degree of control helps deal with the psychological effects of stress, but not the physical effects of stress.
The anecdote in the chapter about David Livingstone's failure to feel the pain of a lion's attack should lead you to surmise that the ______.
A. lion's attack produced pressure that inhibited pain sensations B. fear of the attack suppressed pain sensations from injuries sustained during the attack C. stress of the attack led to endorphin release D. blood loss led to a semiconscious analgesia
The researcher(s) known for discovering the sexual response cycle is (are) ________
a. Hobson & McCarley b. Sigmund Freud c. Masters & Johnson d. Alfred Kinsey
What proportion of a normal distribution is located between z = -0.25 and z = +0.25?
A) 0.5987? B) ?0.4013 C) ?0.0987 D) ?0.1974