A client is experiencing hypovolemic shock as a result of severe burns. The physician orders a low dose of dopamine. The nurse would expect to find which of the following in the client following the administration of this medication?
1. Urinary output of at least 50 mL/hour
2. Increased cardiac output
3. Vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure
4. Stabilization of fluid loss
1. Urinary output of at least 50 mL/hour
Rationale:
At low doses, dopamine stimulates dopaminergic receptors, especially in the kidneys, leading to vasodilation and an increased blood flow through the kidneys. Increased cardiac output occurs with high, not low, doses of dopamine when beta1-adrenergic receptors are stimulated. Vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure occurs with high, not low, doses of dopamine when alpha-adrenergic receptors are stimulated. Dopamine does not prevent or stabilize fluid loss.
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