Give some reasons as to why some people become obese whereas others do not.
What will be an ideal response?
(1) differences in consumption: many factors lead some people to eat more than others who have comparable access to food
(2) differences in energy expenditure: the most obvious difference is that people differ substantially in the amount of exercise they get; differences in basal metabolic rate and in the ability to react to fat increases by diet induced thermogenesis; third factor is NEAT (non exercise activity thermogenesis), which is generated by activities such as dieting and the maintenance of posture and muscle tone
(3) differences in gut microbiome composition: the microbes in our gut can have major influences on brain and behaviour, for example, they can influence neurodevelopment, the blood-brain barrier, and even myelination of certain CNS axons
(4) genetics and epigenetic: about 100 human chromosome loci (regions) have already been linked to obesity; evidence that transgenerational epigenetic effects can predispose subsequent generations to obesity
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a. dominant b. homologous c. recessive d. homeotic e. homozygotic
A population that is increasing in size has an intrinsic rate of population growth (r) that is
A) < 0. B) = 0. C) > 0. D) > 1.
Plant parasites that are photosynthetic but draw water and nutrients from their host plant are referred to as
A) mycorrhizae. B) vectors. C) parasitoids. D) hemiparasites.
Current research in behavioral ecology focuses on the overall contribution that behavior makes to an animal's
A. learning. B. competitive strategies. C. fitness. D. length of life. E. foraging efficiency.