Explain the role of sigma factors in RNA synthesis in Bacteria
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A sigma factor is one of five subunits within an RNA polymerase involved exclusively in transcription of DNA to RNA. It identifies and binds to a promoter (initiation) site, notably the highly conservative -10 and -35 sites, which creates an RNA polymerase-DNA template complex that facilitates transcription initiation. A sigma factor then dissociates from the template after a short stretch of RNA is synthesized. They are also subject to regulation by anti-sigma factor proteins that temporarily inactivate a sigma factor and thus halt RNA synthesis.
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An X-linked gene is
A. a gene that encodes traits seen only in females. B. a gene on the X chromosome. C. a gene found on any chromosome; they are X-shaped when they are metaphase chromosomes. D. a gene that is turned on (makes protein) only when the female hormone estrogen is present. E. a gene on the X chromosome that encodes traits seen only in females.
The algal ancestors of land plants are most likely similar to the ____
a. Rhodophyta b. Phaeophyta c. Chrysophyta d. Charophyta e. Radiolaria
In animals that take in oxygen from their environment, glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water in a process called
A. anaerobic respiration. B. glucose respiration. C. aerobic respiration. D. organic compound respiration.
Which of the following organisms is photoautotrophic protozoan?
A) oomycote B) cellular slime mold C) Euglena D) Phytophthora E) plasmodial slime mold