An example of a second messenger is:
a. protein kinase A.
b. an ion channel.
c. cyclic AMP.
d. GABA.
e. insulin.
C
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Compared with the interstitial fluid that bathes active muscle cells, blood reaching these muscle cells in arteries has a _____
A) higher B) higher C) greater bicarbonate concentration D) lower pH E) lower osmotic pressure
Which of the following best describes the autoimmune response?
a. An antibody activating the humoral immune response in response to a foreign body b. The T H 1 cytokine-mediated inflammatory response to an antigen c. An antibody marking parts of one’s own body as foreign d. An antibody-mediated immune response that happens within minutes of exposure to a usually harmless antigen
Although the effects of an EPSP are subliminal, explain how EPSPs affect membrane potential. What will be an ideal response?
All of the following are used in secondary sewage treatment EXCEPT
A) trickling filters. B) sludge granules or floc formation. C) aeration. D) anaerobic digestion. E) activated sludge.