Other than the client's right to autonomy, which of the following is one of the explicit considerations in deciding to medicate a client against his or her will?
a. anxiety of other clients on the unit
b. alternative, less-intrusive treatments
c. cost of the medication if poured and refused
d. voluntary or involuntary admission status
B
Explicit consideration in deciding to medicate a client against his or her will is determining whether this action violates the client's right to autonomy and whether alternative, less-intrusive treatments are available. Other considerations are the benefits of the treatment and what is in the client's best interest. Issues of treatment refusal are in some cases being addressed by psychiatric advance directives. With advance directives a client may indicate--while well--the conditions under which he or she would consent to treatment should he or she become ill and unable to make decisions.
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The nurse, reviewing theories of grieving and loss, realizes which theorist identified four tasks that an individual must perform to successfully deal with a loss?
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