In researching an outbreak of malaria in the developing nation where the nurse currently works, the nurse decides to not focus on the role of mosquitoes in transmitting the disease but on how the physical environment of the community,
biological aspects of the community, and social customs interact to affect the prevalence of this disease. Which epidemiological model is the nurse using?
A) Epidemiologic triad
B) Wheel of causation
C) Web of causation
D) Natural history
Ans: B
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The wheel of causation de-emphasizes the agent as the sole cause of disease while emphasizing the interplay of physical, biological, and social environments. The epidemiologic triad is the classic model based on the belief that health status is determined by the interaction of the characteristics of the host, agent, and environment, not by any single factor. The web of causation is an epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of multiple causation while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness. Natural history is the course of a disease or condition from the onset to resolution.
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