Action potentials are propagated in a one-way direction down a neuronal plasma membrane because ____
a. the action potential is of insufficient intensity to stimulate the voltage-gated ion channels behind it
b. the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are ligand-gated
c. the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are in a refractory period
d. voltage-gated ion channels are suppressed
e. the adjacent channels upstream from the action potential are at their threshold potential
ANSWER: c
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