Which nursing action is priority if the nurse is using the nursing theory that has shaped psychiatric-mental health most directly?
1. Teaching effective coping skills
2. Assessing the patient's abilities in areas of self-care
3. Establishing a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship
4. Encouraging the patient's sensitivity and caring for self
Answer: 3
Explanation: The interpersonal theory of psychiatric-mental health nursing and the therapeutic relationship originated by Peplau remains the theory that has shaped psychiatric-mental health nursing most directly. While assessing self-care abilities, encouraging sensitivity and caring for self, and teaching effective coping skills, are important areas for nursing action, all efforts are supported by the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship.
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