A nurse is working with pediatric clients in a research facility. The nurse recognizes that federal guidelines are in place to delineate which pediatrics clients must give assent for participation in research trials
Based upon the client's age, the nurse would seek assent from which children? (Select all that apply.) 1. The precocious 4-year-old starting as a cystic fibrosis research study participant
2. The 7-year-old leukemia client electing to receive a newly developed medication being researched
3. The 10-year-old starting in an investigative study for clients with precocious puberty
4. The 13-year-old client beginning participation in a research program for ADHD treatments
2, 3, 4
Rationale:
1. A 4-year-old is not old enough to understand any of the benefits and risks of the research trial, and is not required to assent.
2. Federal guidelines mandate that research participants 7 years old and older must receive developmentally appropriate information about health care procedures and treatments, and give assent.
3. Federal guidelines mandate that research participants 7 years old and older must receive developmentally appropriate information about healthcare procedures and treatments, and give assent.
4. Federal guidelines mandate that research participants 7 years old and older must receive developmentally appropriate information about healthcare procedures and treatments, and give assent.
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In recent decades, the nurse's role has undergone significant change. Which of the following phenomena underlay the development of the advanced practitioner role, which first emerged in the 1960s?
A) Public dissatisfaction with medical education and medical practice B) Pressure from insurance providers and the emergence of managed care C) Federal funding that was earmarked for improved nursing education D) A need for health care in geographically remote and underserved regions
The nurse caring for a patient receiving a transfusion assesses that the patient is wheezing and is complaining of back pain. After the nurse stops the transfusion, the nurse should:
1. discontinue the IV. 2. notify the charge nurse. 3. administer heparin. 4. raise the patient's head.
When planning the care for a client who has a spinal cord injury, the nurse should give priority to which of these treatment measures first?
A) monitoring the client's blood pressure B) listening for bowel sounds C) testing for motor strength D) palpating the client's bladder for fullness
A patient taking ciprofloxacin (Cipro) reports pain and burning on urination. What is the nurse's best action?
a. Notify the prescriber that the patient's urinary tract infection is not responding to the drug. b. Remind the patient that the pain is related to the body eliminating the infectious bacteria. c. Instruct the patient to drink a full glass of water with each drug dose and increase fluids. d. Ask the patient whether blood or pus also is present in the urine.