The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with hypovolemia due to dehydration. The patient's blood pressure is 89/42. The nurse is aware that in response to a decrease in blood pressure, the patient's body will compensate by secreting:
A) Antidiuretic hormone
B) Aldosterone
C) Renin
D) Angiotensin
Ans: C
Feedback: Regulation of blood pressure is also a function of the kidney. Specialized vessels of the kidney called the vasa recta constantly monitor blood pressure as blood begins its passage into the kidney. When the vasa recta detect a decrease in blood pressure, specialized juxtaglomerular cells near the afferent arteriole, distal tubule, and efferent arteriole secrete the hormone renin. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is then converted to angiotensin II, the most powerful vasoconstrictor known. The vasoconstriction causes the blood pressure to increase. The adrenal cortex secretes aldosterone in response to stimulation by the pituitary gland, which is in response to poor perfusion or increasing serum osmolality. The result is an increase in blood pressure. When the vasa recta recognize the increase in blood pressure, renin secretion stops. Failure of this feedback mechanism is one of the primary causes of hypertension.
You might also like to view...
A patient with a recent diagnosis of HIV infection expresses an interest in exploring alternative and complementary therapies. How should the nurse best respond?
A) "Complementary therapies generally have not been approved, so patients are usually discouraged from using them." B) "Researchers have not looked at the benefits of alternative therapy for patients with HIV, so we suggest that you stay away from these therapies until there is solid research data available." C) "Many patients with HIV use some type of alternative therapy and, as with most health treatments, there are benefits and risks." D) "You'll need to meet with your doctor to choose between an alternative approach to treatment and a medical approach."
A client presents to the emergency department stating numbness and tingling occurring down the left leg into the left foot. When documenting the experience, which medical terminology would the nurse be most correct to report?
A) Sciatic nerve pain B) Herniation C) Paresthesia D) Paralysis
The budget for staffing on a unit is established in terms of which type of employment?
a. casual staffing b. agency staffing c. part-time equivalents d. full-time equivalents
The professional practice model of an organization illustrates the alignment and integration of nursing practice with which of the following:
a. The mission, vision, and values of the or-ganization and the nursing department b. The mission and vision of the nursing de-partment c. The mission, vision, and values of the or-ganization d. The state nursing code of ethics