Following a car accident that has resulted in partial amputation of the lower limbs,

Question

the client's body has implemented a compensatory mechanism releasing antidiuretic hormone (ADH) into the blood stream, causing retention of water and vasoconstriction of blood vessels. This is accomplished as a result of:
A) Rapid axonal transport of ADH from the hypothalamus into the posterior pituitary
B) Extension of Nissl bodies and free ribosomes carrying ADH into the dendrites
C) Dendrites conducting information and ADH toward the cell body
D) Afferent, or sensory, neurons of the PNS transmitting information to the CNS

Answer 1

Ans: A
Feedback:
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin, which are synthesized by neurons in the hypothalamus, are carried by rapid axonal transport to the posterior pituitary, where the hormones are released into the bloodstream. ADH increases peripheral vascular resistance (vasoconstriction) and thus increases arterial blood pressure. This becomes an important compensatory mechanism for restoring blood pressure in hypovolemic shock such as that which occurs during hemorrhage. The proteins and other materials used by the axon are synthesized in the cell body and then flow down the axon through its cytoplasm. The Nissl bodies and free ribosomes extend into the dendrites, but not into the axon. The dendrites (i.e., "treelike") are multiple, branched extensions of the nerve cell body; they conduct information toward the cell body and are the main source of information for the neuron. The dendrites and cell body are studded with synaptic terminals that communicate with axons and dendrites of other neurons.