Which statement correctly describes normal changes of aging?
a. All age-related changes are the result of disease.
b. When comparing functional abilities of an older client, it is important to not allow social or cultural influences to cloud your assessment.
c. It is usually easy to tell the difference between normal aging and the results of one's lifelong poor habits.
d. Individual variations are enormous at every age and in every part of the body.
ANS: D
Individual variations are significant at every age and in every part of the body, and are de-pendent on a large number of factors. There are significant age-related changes in every body system that are not related to disease states. Age-related changes are a result of biological, social, and psychological influences. Culture is a part of the social influences on an individual. Individual variations in aging depend on intrinsic and extrinsic influences. Extrinsic influences are those that are specific to the individual's way of life (e.g., smoking, lack of exercise, traumatic injuries, sun exposure). It is difficult to differentiate pathological from normal age-related changes. In addition, extrinsic influences may influence the intrinsic influences.
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