The nurse should encourage a client being treated with corticosteroids for an autoimmune disease to have frequent examinations by an ophthalmologist because corticosteroids increase the risk of:
1. muscle weakness secondary to hypokalemia.
2. glaucoma.
3. sodium and water retention.
4. bone fractures.
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Taking corticosteroids does result in potassium loss, but this would not explain the need to see an ophthalmologist.
Rationale 2: The client who takes corticosteroids, especially high doses long term, is at increased risk of developing cataracts and glaucoma and should be seen regularly by an ophthalmologist.
Rationale 3: Corticosteroids do increase sodium and water retention, but that would not explain the need to see an ophthalmologist.
Rationale 4: Corticosteroids do increase the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures, but this is not a reason to see an ophthalmologist.
Global Rationale: The client who takes corticosteroids, especially high doses long term, is at increased risk of developing cataracts and glaucoma and should be seen regularly by an ophthalmologist. Taking corticosteroids does result in potassium loss, sodium and water retention and increased risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures, but this would not explain the need to see an ophthalmologist.
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