Which is a central factor responsible for respiratory distress syndrome in a newborn?
a. Absence of alveoli
b. Immature bronchioles
c. Overdeveloped alveoli
d. Deficient surfactant production
ANS: D
The successful adaptation to extrauterine breathing requires numerous factors, which most term infants successfully accomplish. Preterm infants with respiratory distress are not able to adjust. The most likely central cause is the abnormal development of the surfactant system. The number and state of development of the alveoli are not central factors in respiratory distress syndrome. The instability of the alveoli related to the lack of surfactant is the causative issue. The bronchioles are sufficiently developed in newborns.
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