The most common form of cystic fibrosis, a fatal genetic disease, occurs when a protein destined for the plasma membrane of the cell is destroyed. The protein is destroyed by one of the cell's organelles because the protein is not shaped correctly. Which
organelle recognizes the misshaped protein?
A) Golgi complex
B) ribosome
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) nucleus
E) lysosome
Answer: C
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Lidocaine blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. How would exposure to lidocaine affect nerve function?
A. Resting potential values would increase. B. Resting potential values would decrease. C. It would take longer to reach peak depolarization. D. Nerve depolarization would last for a longer period of time. E. None of the above are correct.
A recent study of the effects of the general anesthetic isoflurane suggests that it has a direct
impact on an organism’s biological clock. This study focused on honeybees because their clock genes are similar to those found in mammals. Prior to the start of this study, bees were trained to fly to an artificial flower to obtain sugar water and then return to the hive. In this study, researchers caught the bees as they approached the artificial flower. Half of the bees were anesthetized, and the other half were contained and not allowed to return to the hive immediately. After six hours, when all the anesthetized bees had awoken, both groups of bees were released. Honeybees use the sun to navigate, and their biological clock allows them to correct for the time of day. The bees that were not anesthetized flew directly to the hive, making adjustments for the time of day. However, those that were anesthetized made adjustments as if the time were hours earlier and flew at the wrong angle. Doctors report that people often emerge from general anesthesia disoriented in time and may sleep fitfully for a while afterward. Based on the honeybee study, researchers are looking into ways to keep the internal clock ticking normally even during surgery.
In a natural system, honeybees as well as the flowers they feed on and pollinate would be considered a(n)
a. ecosystem. b. population. c. community. d. organ system.
During which stage of wastewater treatment is the primary effluent aerated to allow for biodegradation by aerobic microbes?
A) Primary treatment B) Secondary treatment C) Disinfection D) Sludge digestion E) Sedimentation
In Figure 44-4, the arrow most affected by blood pressure changes will be:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 5
e. 6