Which of the following is a method of posttranscriptional control?
A. the lifespan of an mRNA molecule
B. transcription factors
C. differential processing of mRNA
D. how fast the mRNA leaves the nucleus
E. Both C and D are methods of posttranscriptional control.
Answer: E
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Mismatch repair, base excision repair, and nucleotide excision repair are similar in that (select all that apply):
A. each repairs a single mismatched base. B. each repairs a short strand of mismatched nucleotides. C. each repairs multiple mismatched or damaged bases across a region. D. each uses an undamaged segment of DNA as the template to repair a damaged segment of DNA. E. none of these.
Many lakes in the United States are suffering from periodic algae blooms, which can be thought of as an infection of the lake. Although the algae are naturally-occurring in the lake, when adjacent farm fields are over-fertilized with diammonium phosphate, the run-off deposits these nutrients in the lake, allowing the algae to grow without limit. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the overgrowth of algae?
A. Lakes have sufficient micronutrients for algae to grow. B. The nitrogen in the fertilizer is in the ammonium form, the preferred nitrogen source of most microbes. C. The phosphorus in the fertilizer is in the phosphate form, the preferred phosphorus source of most microbes. D. The algae are heterotrophs. E. The carbon source for these algae is not limiting in lakes.
Enzymes called __________ form breaks in the DNA molecules to prevent the formation of knots in
the DNA helix during replication. a. topoisomerases b. single-strand binding proteins c. DNA polymerases d. RNA polymerases e. DNA ligases
A gene found on the X chromosome is a(n)
A. female gene. B. X-linked gene. C. dominant gene. D. locus.