A patient who is exposed to a mumps outbreak in the Midwest has previously been immunized for mumps. She possesses which type of immunity?
A) Acquired immunity
B) Natural immunity
C) Phagocytic immunity
D) Humoral immunity
Ans: A
Feedback: Acquired immunity usually develops as a result of prior exposure to an antigen through immunization. When the body is attacked by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens, it has three means of defense. The first line of defense, the phagocytic immune response, involves the WBCs which have the ability to ingest foreign particles. A second protective response is the humoral immune response which begins when the B lymphocytes transform themselves into plasma cells that manufacture antibodies. The natural immune response system is rapid nonspecific immunity present at birth.
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A child has been diagnosed with sickle-cell disease. Both parents deny having the disease themselves. The parents ask the nurse how their child got this disease. The nurse recognizes that the only possible explanation of the etiology is:
1. The father is not the biological father of the infant. 2. The mother of the child has the trait, but the father doesn't. 3. The father of the child has the trait, but the mother doesn't. 4. The mother and the father of the child have the sickle-cell trait.
A young child is experiencing pain secondary to surgical repair of a fractured femur. The child is on supplemental oxygen and is breathing spontaneously and crying
The nurse wishes to administer the most effective pain relief with the least risk of adverse effects. Which combination of relief measures is most likely to meet this goal? A) Antipsychotic medication and sedative B) Opioid and distraction strategies C) Sedative and opioid D) Muscle relaxant and massage
A postpartal woman is prescribed an antibiotic because of endometritis. Her breastfed infant should be observed particularly for which of the following?
A) Decreased sleep levels and increased appetite B) Jaundice that does not respond to phototherapy C) Irritability and loss of appetite D) Signs of thrush and easy bruising
A patient who has been hospitalized for 2 days remains anxious and continues to be preoccupied with paranoid delusions. What intervention will best help the patient focus less on the delusions?
a. Schedule time for the patient to read and listen to music. b. Plan activities that require physical skills and constructive use of time. c. Begin planning for discharge by engaging the patient in psychoeducation. d. Discuss personal goals related to improved socialization with the patient.