A woman suffers from multiple sclerosis. To assist in the treatment of her illness, she is lobbying her state and local governments for the legalization and use of:
A) Embryonic stem cells
B) Bone marrow transplantation
C) Immunopathology
D) Euthanasia
Ans: A
Chapter: 50
Cognitive Level: Application
Difficulty: Difficult
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Objective: 2
Patient Needs: B
Feedback: Stem cells are potentially immortal cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation; they continually replenish the body's entire supply of both red and white cells. Research has shown that stem cells can restore an immune system that has been destroyed. Stem cell transplantation has been carried out in humans with certain types of immune dysfunction, such as severe combined immunodeficiency; clinical trials using stem cells are underway in patients with a variety of disorders having an autoimmune component, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and multiple sclerosis. The use of stem cells addresses many ethical challenges in regard to concerns about safety, efficacy, resource allocation, and human cloning. The term immunopathology refers to the study of diseases that result from dysfunctions within the immune system. Disorders of the immune system may stem from excesses or deficiencies of immunocompetent cells, alterations in the function of these cells, immunologic attack self-antigens, or inappropriate or exaggerated responses to specific antigens. Euthanasia is the practice of ending life when the disease is incurable. Bone marrow transplantation is already an acceptable practice for care of certain types of cancer, but it is not an effective treatment for multiple sclerosis.
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