You note that your patient's gluteal cleft is lateral to the imaginary line you drew from her head straight down her spine. This finding indicates
a. structural scoliosis. c. a list.
b. kyphosis. d. functional scoliosis.
C
A list is a leaning of the spine. If an imaginary line is drawn straight down from T1, the gluteal cleft is lateral to it. A list can result from a herniated vertebral disc and painful paravertebral muscle spasms. In structural scoliosis, which occurs most frequently in adolescent females, the imaginary line rests in the gluteal cleft, and the spine deviates from this straight line. The curvature of the spine is visible despite voluntary attempts at proper posture. In kyphosis, an excessive convexity of the thoracic spine, the patient presents with the chin tilted downward onto the chest and with abdominal protrusion. There is also a decrease in the interval between the lower rib cage and the iliac crest. Functional scoliosis manifests itself only in a standing position and is the result of unequal leg length or poor posture.
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