The nurse is screening clients for their risk potential of developing hypertension. The nurse knows that which of the following clients has the most risk factors for developing hypertension?
1. A 56-year-old African American male from Georgia with a BMI of 28, eats canned soups daily, episodic exercise
2. A 55-year-old African American female executive from Arkansas with a BMI of 24, most recent blood pressure readings were 118/78, exercises rarely
3. A 30-year-old Caucasian female from Maine with a BMI of 27, smokes two pack of cigarettes a day, exercises rarely
4. A 65-year-old Caucasian male from California with a BMI of 23, sleep apnea, exercises three times a week
A 56-year-old African American male from Georgia with a BMI of 28, eats canned soups daily, episodic exercise
Rationale: It is important for nurses to identify clients who may have factors that put them at increased risk for hypertension based upon culture, environment, lifestyle, gender, genetics, and race. Each of the answer choices has some level of risk for developing hypertension. African Americans are almost twice as likely to develop hypertension as Caucasian Americans. Stress, obesity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and comorbidities, as well as where an individual lives, can all increase the likelihood of hypertension.
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