John is trying to figure out what is wrong with his car. He thinks there is a problem with the fuel injection system so he hasn't checked if there might be another malfunction before he takes it to the dealer. Which error may John be committing?
a) set effect
b) confirmation bias
c) functional fixedness
d) difficulty in problem representation
B
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A platoon of soldiers in basic training is involved in a live ammunition exercise. Their objective is to cross a field while under fire directed just above their heads. One false move and they could be shot
. What physiological change occurs as they crawl across that field? a) Their heart rates decrease. b) Their body releases stress hormones. c) Their bodies are actively digesting food. d) The liver takes in additional fat to preserve the integrity of the organism.
Removing a desirable stimulus or presenting an unpleasant one to decrease the occurrence of a response is called
A) habituation. B) reinforcement. C) recovery. D) punishment.
The sensory abilities of newborn infants:
a. do not allow them to distinguish contrasts, shadows, or edges. b. include the ability to see and hear, but not to discriminate tastes and smells. c. include visual abilities that are much like that of an adult. d. include the ability to discriminate smells, tastes, and sounds almost immediately.
Probably the most important word in Kelly's statement of his most basic theoretical assumption is
a) psychologically. b) processes. c) anticipates. d) conditioned.