Write a short description of the attribution theory.
What will be an ideal response?
Attribution theory demonstrates that individuals tend to decide that a behavior is caused by a particular characteristic or event. We make these attributions or judgments about what caused the resulting behavior based on our personal observation or evaluation of the situation. Understanding how and why you make these attributions is important because future decisions and behaviors are based more on your perception of why something happened rather than on the actual outcome. Therefore, we tend to reinforce our beliefs about ourselves and others based on the perceptions we gain from these experiences.
It is also important to evaluate whether these judgments are attributed more to internal or external factors. Attributing outcomes to controllable factors tends to be a stronger indicator of future behavior than attributing them to uncontrollable factors. Perceptions determine behavior in future situations based on the amount of personal control you believe you have over the situation.
Behavior and perception have an impact on your attributions. Self-serving bias causes us to overestimate internal factors for successes and blame external factors for failures. This may cause you to evaluate incorrectly your personal strengths and weaknesses. Another bias is fundamental attribution error, which causes individuals to overestimate the impact of internal factors and underestimate the influence of external factors when evaluating the behavior of others.
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