As the occupational health nurse in a factory finds that five employees out of 30 have positive tuberculin skin test results. One employee on the 3-to-11 shift has been diagnosed with active tuberculosis (TB)
She asks if this means that the whole factory has been exposed. The nurse replies that the probability of infection depends upon: (Select all that apply.)
A) Concentration of infectious droplet nuclei in the air
B) Duration of exposure to the infected person
C) Proximity to the infected person
D) The use of safety gloves by employees
E) Physical exertion required in the job
Ans: A, B, C
Feedback:
The probability that a person who is exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis will become infected depends primarily on the concentration of infectious droplet nuclei in the air and the duration of exposure to a person with infectious TB disease. The closer the proximity and the longer the duration of exposure, the higher the risk of becoming infected. Close contacts are people who share the same air space in a household or other enclosed environment for a prolonged period (days or weeks, not minutes or hours) with a person with pulmonary TB disease. A suspected TB client is a person in whom a diagnosis of TB disease is being considered, whether anti-TB treatment has been started. People generally should not continue to be suspected of having TB for more than 3 months. The use of safety gloves and physical exertion on the job do not affect the probability of infection.
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