In the late nineteenth century, how did Europeans misidentify indigenous African performance? What actually
were the main traits of these performances?
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:Initially
, European observers tended to emphasize the linguistic elements of indigenous
performances, though that component was typically the least important.
In traditional African performances, non-verbal languages were the major mode of
communication in performance.
Drumming and dance are the most prominent of the non-verbal languages in indigenous
African performance.
Another important non-verbal language included visual imagery
Another was symbolism
Others were gesture, mask, and costume.
Traditionally, African performances had occurred in spatial arrangements quite different
from those of European theatres—direct audience participation was usually expected.
In these performances, it was accepted that the dancing, music, and song would induce
such communal responses as clapping in rhythm, singing refrains, repeating phrases, or
making comments.
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