In a mycorrhizal association, what is the main way that the fungus benefits?
a. by providing water to the plant
b. by absorbing water from the plant
c. by using the plant roots as a growth surface
d. by absorbing carbohydrates from the plant
Ans: d. by absorbing carbohydrates from the plant
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Which of the following lycophytes is not properly matched to its description?
A. lycopodium: grow low to the ground, have branching stems and leaves that grow in a helical pattern B. selaginella: leaves are held in a single plane giving their branched stems a distinctive appearance; many grow as epiphytes C. quillworts (isoetes): small plants that live along the margins of lakes and streams D. tree-sized lycophytes: possess a vascular cambium; these can still be found today in tropical forests in Africa
Which of the following mechanisms make it difficult to classify bacteria into different species groups?
A. vertical evolution. B. horizontal gene transfer. C. sexual reproduction. D. asexual reproduction. E. low mutation rates.
Evidence supporting the lack of oxygen on early Earth includes _____
a. the presence of early photosynthesizers b. the immediate breakdown of organic molecules c. the lack of iron oxidation on ancient rocks d. the presence of iron oxidation on ancient rocks e. the accumulation of ozone
If an atom has 22 electrons, it is
a. reactive b. not reactive