How do polypeptide drugs work?
A) They target the 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes to block protein synthesis.
B) They target the DNA replication enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerases.
C) They act as competitive inhibitors of folic acid production.
D) They interact with lipopolysaccharide and destabilize the outer membrane of the Gram-negative cell wall where they can then further destabilize the plasma membrane to cause cytoplasmic leakage and cell lysis.
E) They work by inhibiting transpeptidase enzymes that are central to building peptidoglycan by forming the protein crosslinks that bind peptidoglycan's carbohydrate chains together in a chain link fence-like structure.
Answer: D
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The organisms that occupy the first trophic level near hydrothermal vents are:
a. detritivores b. chemoautotrophic bacteria c. decomposers d. photosynthetic bacteria e. photosynthetic algae
The key point in Darwin's proposal is that the ________ imposes the conditions that determine the direction of selection.
A. gene B. parent C. individual D. environment
The true pathogenic fungi responsible for systemic mycoses have (dimorphic/monomorphic/polymorphic) growth characteristics.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Synaptic potentials are due to the opening
a. voltage-gated ion channels b. chemically-gated ion channels