Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Suppose you are in a train traveling at one-half of the speed of light relative to the earth. Assuming that photons emitted by the train’s headlight travel at the speed of light relative to you, they would (according to the Galilean velocity transformation) travel at 1.5 times the speed of light relative to the earth.
2. Suppose you are in a spaceship traveling at twice the speed of light relative to the earth. Assuming that the Galilean transformation equations are true and the earth is approximately at rest relative to the ether, light from the ship’s taillight will never reach the ship’s bridge at its front end.
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
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Which of the following statements about spectral types of stars is always true?
A) A star with spectral type G has a lower interior temperature than a star with spectral type B. B) A star with spectral type G has a lower mass than a star with spectral type B. C) A star with spectral type G has a cooler surface temperature than a star with spectral type B. D) A star with spectral type G has a smaller radius than a star with spectral type B. E) All of the above are true.
Which of the following nuclei has the greatest binding energy per nucleon?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
F. 
Which is true about gamma rays?
A) they travel much slower than the speed of light in a vacuum. B) they may be dark matter. C) they have longer wavelengths than optical light. D) they may be dark energy. E) they are extremely high energy radiation.
Lunar eclipses last longer than solar eclipses because
a) the Moon is much farther from Earth during a lunar eclipse. b) the diameter of Earth is much greater than the diameter of the Moon. c) Earth's period of rotation is always greater during a lunar eclipse than during a solar eclipse. d) the lunar shadow is only a penumbra with no dark umbra region to extend the length of the eclipse.