Criminologists have never uncovered a ______ (a factor that must be present for criminal behavior to occur and in the absence of which criminal behavior has never occurred).

A. necessary cause
B. remedial cause
C. sufficient cause
D. immediate cause


A. necessary cause

Criminal Justice

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The majority of cases that are not adjudicated are dismissed.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Criminal Justice

To comply with the Fourth Amendment, search warrants have to "_______________ describe the place to be searched."

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice

Why is adultery considered one of the hudud offenses?

a. It violates the property rights of the husband whose wife engaged in the adultery. b. It prevents religious officials from being able to control who is engaged in sexual relations. c. If left unchecked it could disrupt the social fabric of the community. d. Actually, adultery is not a hadd.

Criminal Justice

The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 imposed a ________ on marijuana use.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Criminal Justice