A school-age child is admitted to the hospital in a sickle-cell crisis. Which actions should the nurse include in the plan of care to address the child's pain?
1. Administering opioid analgesics, per order
2. Administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), per order
3. Applying cold packs to affected joints, prn
4. Encouraging oral fluid intake
5. Maintaining bed rest
1, 2, 4, 5
Explanation:
1. Narcotics, such as morphine, are used to control the pain and reduce sickling.
2. NSAIDs may be used in combination with narcotics to control the pain.
3. Cold application is inappropriate in this situation as it would increase the sickling.
4. Oral fluids will help "thin" the blood and reduce sickling.
5. Bed rest will reduce the oxygen requirements of the body and prevent further sickling.
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