Cognitive penetration is the view that cognitive and emotional factors influence the phenomenology of perception.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
True
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Under what circumstances will a reinforcer make the target response more likely to occur again?
A. If it is a primary reinforcer B. If it is a positive reinforcer C. If it is a negative reinforcer D. Regardless of whether it is a primary, positive, or negative reinforcer, a reinforcer makes a response more likely to occur.
Hannah tells other children not to play with Gabrielle because "She's weird and she smells." Hannah is demonstrating __________ aggression.
A. hostile B. relational C. instrumental D. reactive
Many animals release chemicals called ____________________, which cause highly specific reactions when detected by other members of the species
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
In the context of operant conditioning, a(n) ________ reinforcer is a stimulus added to the environment that specifically brings about an increase in a preceding response.
A. neutral B. unconditioned C. primary D. positive