In a case-control design, a frequently used method of controlling confounding variables is which of the following?
A) Using participants as their own controls
B) Matching of cases and controls on confounding variables
C) Randomization to groups
D) Homogeneity of the sample
B
Feedback:
Techniques for controlling subject characteristics include homogeneity (restricting participants to reduce variability on confounding variables); matching (deliberately making groups comparable on some extraneous variables); statistical procedures; and randomization—the most effective method because it controls all possible confounding variables without researchers having to identify them.
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