Compare and contrast the neural systems that control slow-wave and REM sleep with regard to anatomy and the relevant transmitters involved in each
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Slow-wave sleep is produced by activity of neurons within the ventrolateral preoptic area (vlPOA), which act by inhibition of neural systems that promote wakefulness (e.g., NE within the locus coeruleus, histamine in the tuberomammillary nucleus, and serotonin within the raphe nuclei) to initiate sleep. When the sleep-waking flip-flop is in the awake state, sleep is prevented. In the sleep state, slow-wave sleep shifts to REM sleep via another flip-flop mechanism in which cells within the sublaterodorsal nucleus act as "REM-ON" cells while cells within the ventrolateral PAG act as a "REM-OFF" region. When the REM-ON cells are active, motor neurons of the spinal cord are inhibited, whereas tectal neurons generate rapid eye movements.
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How do the mean, median, and mode compare for different distributions?
What will be an ideal response?
Why is it easier to study brain tissue from newborn animals than brain tissue from adults?
A. The density of cells in a newborn brain is small compared with the density in an adult brain. B. The density of cells in a newborn brain is higher compared with the density in an adult brain. C. The nerve net system in newborn animals is less developed. D. The nerve net system in newborn animals is more developed.
The concept of attention capture explains that ______.
A. most people have nearly limitless attention if they are truly interested in the task B. human attention varies so much that it is impossible to generalize about it C. we automatically notice an object, sound, or scent that differs from the rest D. we are attracted to those who try to capture our attention
Which of the following is true of psychodynamic theory?
a. Psychodynamic theory fails to adequately account for the effects of sexual and aggressive impulses. b. The impact of psychodynamic theory was limited to the late 19th century and contributed little to modern views of psychological disorders. c. Freud's ideas of childhood sexuality were both illuminating and controversial. d. Freud's theory increased awareness that people may be motivated by an innate drive for self-actualization.