You are up for a job performance review and are disappointed to learn that your boss has given you poor reviews. In order to feel better you think to yourself, "at least I did not get fired." This is an example of _____________
a. downward counterfactual thinking
b. upward counterfactual thinking
c. biased thinking
d. the availability heuristic
Answer: A
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What did Michael Rutter find in the study of the association between family adversity and externalizing disorders?
a. There were no externalizing problems if there were no family problems. b. There was no association between family problems and externalizing disorders. c. The presence of one adversity factor was associated with a much higher rate of externalizing disorders. d. The presence of two adversity factors was associated with a much higher rate of externalizing disorders.
What is the probability that two heterozygous parents will produce a blue-eyed child?
a. .10 b. .25 c. .50 d. 0.0
Which category of childhood disorders is characterized by academic functioning that is substantially below that expected in terms of a person's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age appropriate education?
a. learning disorder b. intellectual disability c. ADHD d. autism spectrum disorder
Raine and his colleagues reported that the lowest levels of frontal lobe activity are associated with a. all individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder
b. murderers whose personal background includes abuse and neglect. c. murderers whose personal background does NOT include abuse and neglect. d. murderers who are normally responsive to environmental stimuli.