The capillaries clustered around kidney tubule cups differ from other capillaries in that they____
a. have a much wider diameter
b. are much leakier
c. have arterioles at either end
d. carry lymph with blood
e. have more than one of these characteristics
ANSWER: b
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When receptors coupled to phospholipase C are activated, calcium levels in the cytosol increase when ______
A. diacylglycerol binds to ligand-gated channels on the endoplasmic reticulum, releasing calcium. B. IP3 binds to ligand-gated channels on the plasma membrane, releasing calcium. C. diacylglycerol binds to ligand-gated channels on the plasma membrane, releasing calcium. D. IP3 binds to ligand-gated channels on the endoplasmic reticulum, releasing calcium. E. phospholipase C phosphorylates the receptor leading to calcium production.
A killing frost is an example of a density-independent factor. Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Insulin is a protein that is produced by pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. Which of the following options correctly lists the order of the structures through which insulin passes from its production to its exit from the cell?
A) rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane B) rough ER, lysosomes, transport vesicles, cell membrane C) rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, cell membrane D) rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, cell membrane
Even though all people are exposed to potential carcinogens on a daily basis, we do not all develop cancer. Why?
a. The carcinogens only affect tumor suppressor genes. b. Human cells are resistant to carcinogens until we are approximately 50 years old. c. DNA repair mechanisms through pathways activated by tumor suppressor genes are able to correct some of the mutations that occur. d. Humans' oncogenes protect us from most of the carcinogens we are exposed to.