After releasing the pressure of your thumb on your patient's lower legs, ankles, and feet, you observe a 4 mm depression of the skin that disappears in 10 to 15 seconds. You would report this finding as which of the following?
a. 1+ pitting edema c. 3+ pitting edema
b. 2+ pitting edema d. 4+ pitting edema
B
Edema is the accumulation of fluid in the intercellular spaces. Pitting edema is rated on a 4-point scale:
0+ = no pitting edema.
1+ = mild pitting edema; 2 mm depression that disappears rapidly.
2+ = moderate pitting edema; 4 mm depression that disappears in 10 to 15 seconds.
3+ = moderately severe pitting edema; 6 mm depression that can last more than 1 minute.
4+ = severe pitting edema; 8 mm depression that can last more than 2 minutes.
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