What is the source of Jupiter's excess energy?
A) Helium rain falling through its interior
B) The decay of radioactive elements in its dense core
C) Nuclear fusion in its hot, sunlike core of hydrogen
D) The slow escape of gravitational energy released during the planet's formation
E) The tidal stresses of the large Galilean moons
D
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Seen from the northern latitudes (mid-northern hemisphere), the star Polaris
a. is never above the horizon during the day. b. always sets directly in the west. c. is always above the northern horizon. d. is never visible during the winter. e. is the brightest star in the sky.
A star's apparent magnitude is a measure of
a. how bright it appears to us if it is at its actual distance. b. how bright it appears to us at a standard distance of 10 pc. c. its energy output per second compared to the Sun. d. its mass in solar masses. e. its surface temperature in Kelvin.
A 340-g air track cart traveling at 1.25 m/s collides elastically with a 300-g cart traveling in the opposite direction at 1.33 m/s. What is the speed of the 300-g cart after the collision?
A) 2.80 m/s B) 0.0693 m/s C) 0.899 m/s D) 1.41 m/s E) 0.475 m/s
Cosmology is the study of the overall structure and evolution of
A) the universe. B) stars. C) beauty. D) galaxies.