A nurse recently hired to the preoperative area learns that certain clients are at higher risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Which clients are considered at high risk? (Select all that apply.)
a. Client with a humerus fracture
b. Morbidly obese client
c. Client who underwent a prolonged surgical procedure
d. Client with severe heart failure
e. Wheelchair-bound client
ANS: B, C, D, E
All surgical clients should be assessed for VTE risk. Those considered at higher risk include those who are obese; are over 40; have cancer; have decreased mobility, immobility, or a spinal cord injury; have a history of any thrombotic event, varicose veins, or edema; take oral contraceptives or smoke; have decreased cardiac output; have a hip fracture; or are having total hip or knee surgery. Prolonged surgical time increases risk due to mobility and positioning needs.
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