A nurse counsels a patient with diabetes who is starting therapy with an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. The patient should be educated about the potential for which adverse reaction(s)? (Select all that apply)
a. Hypoglycemia
b. Flatulence
c. Elevated iron levels in the blood
d. Fluid retention
e. Diarrhea
ANS: B, E
Acarbose and miglitol frequently cause flatulence, cramps, abdominal distention, borborygmus (rumbling bowel sounds), and diarrhea. Acarbose also can cause liver damage.
Neither acarbose nor miglitol causes hypoglycemia, elevated iron levels, or fluid retention.
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A highly emotional client presents at an outpatient clinic appointment and states, "My dead husband returned to me during a séance." Which personality disorder should a nurse associate with this behavior?
1. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder 2. Schizotypal personality disorder 3. Narcissistic personality disorder 4. Borderline personality disorder
An indicator that the suicidal client is exercising suicide self-restraint is
a. compliance with antidepressant therapy. b. agreeing to sign a no-suicide contract. c. disclosing a plan for suicide to staff. d. expressing feelings of hopelessness to nurse.
Which of the following occurrences would be classified as a sentinel event?
a. A postpartum patient who elects to breastfeed only twice daily develops mastitis. b. A newly diagnosed diabetic patient self-injects insulin in the abdominal area rather than the upper thigh as instructed by the patient educator. c. A nurse assisting with the delivery of twins places the "Twin 1" name tag on the second-born twin, causing the first-born twin to undergo surgery that was scheduled for the other twin. d. A nurse administers 3 units of regular insulin rather than 3 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously, resulting in a drop in the patient's serum glucose from 160 mg to 100 mg.
The nurse plans care for four patients and assigns patient feeding to nursing assistive personnel (NAP). Which patient should the nurse watch during mealtime?
a. The patient who refuses most of the meals served b. The patient who is learning to use adaptive utensils c. The patient who swallows four times for each piece of food d. The patient who is taking ice chips on the first postoperative day