Which of the following individuals likely faces the greatest risk for the development of chronic kidney disease?
A) A first-time mother who recently lost 1.5 L of blood during a postpartum hemorrhage
B) A client whose diagnosis of thyroid cancer necessitated a thyroidectomy
C) A client who experienced a hemorrhagic stroke and now has sensory and motor deficits
D) A client with a recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes who does not monitor his blood sugars or control his diet
Ans: D
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathophysiologic process that results in the loss of nephrons and a decline in renal function that has persisted for more than 3 months. CKD can result from diabetes, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, lupus (SLE), and polycystic kidney disease. The prevalence and incidence of CKD continue to grow, reflecting the growing elderly population and the increasing number of people with diabetes and hypertension. Hemorrhage may result in acute renal failure, but it is not associated with chronic kidney disease. Stroke and loss of the thyroid gland are not noted to underlie cases of chronic kidney disease.
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