Sweating
a. causes vasodilation of the skin vessels.
b. increases the insulative capacity of the skin so that less heat can be gained from the environment.
c. is the only heat-loss mechanism available to the body when the environmental temperature is so high that a normal temperature gradient between the skin and the environment cannot be established.
d. both (a) and (c) above.
e. all of these answers.
C
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During vertebral ossification, the costal elements in the cervical region:
A) become part of the spinous processes. B) become part of the transverse processes. C) become part of the vertebral arch. D) never develop. E) degenerate.
What might account for a net movement of water from solution X into solution Y?
a. Solution X has a higher osmolarity than the cell. b. Solution X has more milliosmoles of solute per liter than the cell. c. Solution X has a higher hydrostatic pressure than solution Y d. All of the above e. Only a and b
Which process of respiration relies on partial pressure gradients to move air in and out of the lungs?
A) both pulmonary gas exchange and tissue gas exchange B) gas transport C) pulmonary ventilation D) both gas transport and pulmonary ventilation