The nurse is assessing the oral mucosa of a pregnant female and notes enlargement of the gums
The client states that regular oral hygiene is performed and that she does not understand why this has occurred. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1. "You may have oral cancer."
2. "You are experiencing a normal change during pregnancy."
3. "You may have leukoplakia."
4. "You need to decrease the frequency of your oral hygiene."
Correct Answer: 2
Gingival hyperplasia (enlargement of the gums) is a normal physiologic change associated with pregnancy. It is also seen in clients with leukemia and prolonged use of Dilantin. Early signs of oral cancer are manifested by ulcers in the lower lip and under the tongue that do not heal normally. Leukoplakia is a whitish thickening of the mucous membrane in the mouth or tongue. It cannot be scraped off. It is most often associated with heavy smoking or drinking, and it can be a precancerous condition. Advanced gingivitis and poor dental hygiene are manifested by swollen red gums that will bleed when brushed, and will show separation of the gum from the tooth.
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