How does the proton gradient help ATP synthase to make ATP?
a. Protons move along the membrane.
b. Protons move from inside the membrane to outside the membrane.
c. Protons move from outside the membrane to inside the membrane.
d. Protons are not involved with this step; only electrons are.
Answer: c. Protons move from outside the membrane to inside the membrane.
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Which of the following statements about stem cells is NOT accurate?
A. Stem cells can undergo mitosis. B. Some stem cells can differentiate into more than one type of specialized cell. C. Different types of stem cells vary in their potency. D. Stem cells are only found in embryos. E. Some stem cells can only differentiate into one cell type.
Which two types of tissue are responsible for rigid support in a plant?
a. cork and fibers b. phloem and fibers c. phloem and xylem d. xylem and fibers
We can detect the SNP in the ?S allele because it destroys a DdeI restriction site, leading to DNA restriction fragment variation revealed by Southern blot analysis
Either two or three restriction sequences for the restriction endonuclease DdeI can occur near the ?-globin gene, depending on the allele. One DdeI restriction sequence is eliminated from the ?S allele by the SNP in the mutant allele because of a mutation in the double-stranded target sequence 5? - CTNAG - 3?. Suppose the wild-type allele sequence is CCTGAG, while a newly identified SNP is CCTTAG. Would this same restriction fragment analysis technique be appropriate for detecting this particular SNP? What other technique(s) could you use to identify this particular mutation?
Which of the following explains why fungi are such efficient decomposers, allowing them to undergo rapid and extensive growth?
a. Fungi use the mechanisms used by most parasitic organisms for rapid growth. b. Because fungal hyphae is only one cell thick, fungi present an enormous surface area for enzyme secretion and nutrient absorption. c. Fungi do not ingest food. d. Fungi are adapted to a wide variety of environmental influences, such as temperature and pH.