In operant conditioning, ________.
A. a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus that leads to a reflexive response
B. babies reduce or eliminate their learned expectations about the likely effects of stimulus events
C. infants act, and stimuli that follow their behavior change the probability that the behavior will occur again
D. after a baby's nervous system makes the connection between two stimuli, the neutral stimulus produces the behavior
Answer: C
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Cognitive therapy emphasizes recognizing and changing negative thoughts and ____________________ beliefs
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Studies of delayed reinforcement document the importance of ______
a. contiguity b. contingency c. inter-trial interval d. deprivation level
According to Freud's explanation of the conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder), which of the following best describes secondary gain?
A. The attention and sympathy received as a result of the symptom complaints B. The lack of concern or distress in the wake of a traumatic event C. The reduction in anxiety as a result of repressed emotions being released physically D. The hysteria that comes with the repression of agonizing memories
Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the opponent-process theory of motivation
a. pain leads to pleasure and pleasure leads to pain b. how the organism feels derives from the sum of the A and B processes c. with repeated exposure, the A process starts sooner, is larger, and lasts longer d. the B proces for positive events is distress e. with repeated exposure, the B process comes to dominate in more subjective experience