A nurse is considering the potential for selection bias. Which of the following best describes the situation that is the nurse has encountered?
a. Determining the population to be studied
b. Considering how the participants will en-ter the study
c. Studying cause and effect relationships
d. Documenting results of the study
ANS: B
Selection bias is attributable to the way subjects enter a study. It has to do with selection proce-dures and the population from which subjects are drawn. Determining the population to be stud-ied relates to the design of the study. Studying cause and effect relationship has to do with eco-logical studies. Documenting the results of the study is completed at the end of the study after the participants have been selected.
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A preschool-age child is going to have a potentially painful procedure. What action by the nurse is best to prepare the child for this event?
A. Allow the child to decide if the parents stay or not. B. Let the child touch and explore the equipment first. C. Talk about it briefly for several days beforehand. D. Use play to demonstrate the procedure to the child.
A patient with third-degree burns is prescribed gastrointestinal medication. How should the nurse explain the primary action of this medication?
1. It prevents the formation of a Curling ulcer. 2. It treats a preexisting duodenal ulcer. 3. It ensures adequate peristalsis. 4. It has antiemetic properties.
A patient who has been experiencing premenstrual syndrome (PMS) reports to the clinic with a diet diary she has kept over the past several weeks. The nurse should suggest the patient make a dietary modification based on which entry in her diary?
1. daily intake of caffeine-free soda 2. daily intake of low-fat yogurt 3. daily intake of foods rich in magnesium 4. daily intake of white bread
All of the following are effects of breastfeeding on the family or society at large except:
1. breastfeeding requires fewer supplies and less cumbersome equipment. 2. breastfeeding saves families money. 3. breastfeeding costs employers in terms of time lost from work. 4. breastfeeding benefits the environment.