What are the two ways in which an atrial septal defect can be closed?

a. Suture, patch graft
b. Wires, antibiotics
c. Valve, ligating clips
d. Electrosurgery, antibiotics


ANS: A
The opening in the septum between the left and right atria may be closed with suture, or a patch graft may be inserted.

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An anaphylactic reaction impairs effective breathing secondary to:

A. catecholamine release. B. upper-airway swelling. C. diffuse alveolar collapse. D. excess fluid in the alveoli.

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The Joint Commission accredits

A. Managed care organizations. B. Professional associations like the College of Health Care Executives. C. Hospitals and other patient care organizations. D. Educational institutions. E. None of these.

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Cellulitis, if left untreated, can lead to life-threatening conditions such as endocarditis

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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Prevention of tetanus is by immediately cleaning and covering any open wound and by

a. bandages b. rubbing alcohol. c. hydrogen peroxide. d. vaccination.

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