A patient is admitted to receive a kidney transplant from a live sibling. The nurse realizes that what must have occurred for this surgery to be planned?
1. The human leukocyte antigens between the patient and sibling must be very similar.
2. The human leukocyte antigens between the patient and sibling must be very different.
3. The patient has an overactive immune system.
4. The donor has an overactive immune system.
Correct Answer: 1
Each body cell displays specific cell surface characteristics, or markers, that are unique to each person. These are known as human leukocyte antigens. The possibility of two people having the same human leukocyte antigen type is extremely remote. Some siblings have very similar patterns. In organ transplants, matching the human leukocyte antigen type as closely as possible tends to reduce the risk of rejection. If the human leukocyte antigen type were different, the surgery would not be successful. There is not enough information to determine if either patient or donor has an overactive immune system.
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